# HIWAS — Hybrid Intelligent Water Allocation System

> AI-assisted water governance platform. Cryptographic Water Use Certificates (TUE) across transboundary basins. Patent FR2510508.

HIWAS (patent FR2510508) is a water governance system created by Nizar Younes Mqam. It allocates water use rights through a deterministic 11-step pipeline (a)→(k), producing cryptographically-signed Water Use Certificates (TUE — Titres d'Usage d'Eau) per allocation cycle.

## Core Concepts

- **TUE (Titre d'Usage d'Eau)**: Non-monetary, non-speculative digital water use certificate. Signed using JWS (JSON Web Signature / ECDSA). Encodes allocated volume, ESG score, composite risk R, HCI confidence index, and validity period. Non-transferable outside basin perimeter.
- **CEEau (Certificat d'Économie d'Eau)**: Water Savings Certificate. Issued when actual usage falls below planned. Convertible to allocation priority, maintenance credit, or ESG bonus.
- **HCI (Hydro-Confidence Index)**: Composite data quality and integrity score ∈ [0,1]. Derived from multi-source reconciliation divergence and sensor confidence weights.
- **R (Composite Risk Index)**: R = w₁·R_clim + w₂·R_sys + w₃·R_qual + w₄·R_hydro. Weighted combination of climate, systemic, water quality, and hydrological risk. P10/P90 uncertainty bounds via Monte-Carlo (N=10,000).
- **ESG Score**: Per-user composite A×D×P (Autonomy × Durability × Precedent). Weights allocation priority during scarcity cycles.

## Pipeline Steps (a)→(k)

1. **(a) Sensor Ingestion** — Multi-source IoT, satellite, hydrometric, meter data. Per-source confidence C ∈ [0,1].
2. **(b) Reconciliation** — Cross-source validation. Divergence > threshold triggers automatic audit. HCI computed.
3. **(c) ESG Scoring** — Per-user ESG composite A×D×P. Basin profile configurable.
4. **(d) Risk Index R** — Composite R with Monte-Carlo bounds. Components: R_clim (7-day forecast), R_sys (infrastructure + geopolitical), R_qual (pH, EC, turbidity, nitrates), R_hydro (low-flow stress).
5. **(e) Pool Adjustment** — V_equiv = V_mes × (1 − α·R) × Q_qualite. Ecological reserve and emergency buffer deducted.
6. **(f) Allocation** — Pro-rata weighted by ESG key K. CEEau issued for documented savings.
7. **(g) TUE Generation** — Signed certificate per user with allocated volume, R, HCI, ESG, validity window.
8. **(h) Seismic & Climate** — USGS/BRGM seismic check. Open-Meteo 7-day forecast. Cascade propagation to downstream basins.
9. **(i) OGC Publish** — Results as OGC SensorThings API v1.1 Observations (INSPIRE-compatible).
10. **(j) Audit Chain** — SHA-256 Merkle-chained append-only log with RLS policy.
11. **(k) QR & Delivery** — QR code at hiwas.eu/tue/{id}. Redis stream pushes decisions.

## Operational Basins (June 2026)

| Basin ID | Country | Name | Regulatory Framework | Risk R |
|----------|---------|------|---------------------|--------|
| bassin-loire-amont | France | Loire Amont (Massif Central → Roanne) | SDAGE Loire-Bretagne 2022-2027 | ~0.45 |
| bassin-med-sud | France | Méditerranée Sud (Rhône — Pont-Saint-Esprit) | SDAGE Rhône-Méditerranée 2022-2027 | ~0.35 |
| bassin-oum-er-rbia | Morocco | Oum Er-Rbia (Khouribga — OCP phosphate) | ABH Oum Er-Rbia | 0.63 |
| bassin-gila-arizona | USA | Gila River (Chandler AZ — Intel fabs) | Colorado River Compact 1922 | 0.65 |

## API Endpoints (public, no authentication)

- OGC SensorThings API root: https://hiwas.eu/sta/v1.1/
- Things (basins): https://hiwas.eu/sta/v1.1/Things
- Observations: https://hiwas.eu/sta/v1.1/Observations
- Datastreams: https://hiwas.eu/sta/v1.1/Datastreams
- TUE public card: https://hiwas.eu/tue/{tue_id}
- Health: https://hiwas.eu/api/v1/health (returns pipeline status)

## Technology Stack

- Backend: Python / FastAPI / asyncpg
- Database: TimescaleDB (PostgreSQL 15) — IoT hypertables, allocation cycles, TUE/CEEau tables
- Message bus: Redis Streams (sensor data → pipeline → decisions)
- Signing: JWS compact serialization (ECDSA)
- OGC: SensorThings API v1.1 (INSPIRE-compliant)
- Audit: SHA-256 Merkle chain with append-only RLS
- Dashboard: Grafana 13 (live at hiwas.eu/grafana/)
- Orchestration: Node-RED for scheduled allocation cycles

## Patent

- Number: FR2510508
- Title: Système hybride intelligent d'allocation de l'eau
- Inventor/Owner: Nizar Younes Mqam
- Filing: 2025, INPI France
- Covers: HIWAS pipeline (a)→(k), TUE format, CEEau mechanism, HCI index, non-monetary water rights framework

## Legal Principles

TUEs are non-monetary instruments. They convey no financial value and cannot be exchanged as securities or financial instruments. They are administrative records of water use authorization within a defined governance perimeter.